Anonymity or false identity

From ITUwiki

Governments typically impose capability requirements on all public communication infrastructure to protect the available identity information for specific privileged users such as investigatory personnel or witnesses or other persons potentially subject to harm if their true identity were known. This may also occur when a party is provided the right to remain anonymous in the course of setting up a communication. This requirement typically results in the imposition by national authorities of architectures, practices, and specific identity management capabilities designed to provide these needs.